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Which screen is good for eyes LCD or LED?

 

Very simply: CRT, and certain (cheap) type of TFT monitors are the worst. AMOLED and good quality TFTs are the best. But let me give some more information.

Displays in general always stress your eyes. I would not say they are *harmful*, but they are bright (this can mix up your circadian cycle), you focus at the same distance for a long time (can even hurt your vision), and you blink less (makes your eyes dry up). You cannot really avoid this if you have to use a display. However, the followings can stress your eyes *even more*, and can (should) be avoided:

  • Flicker
  • Low contrast / high brightness
  • Excessive blue light

And this is where display technology comes in. But first, please note:

  • "LED" does not belong in this list. LED is a back-light technology for TFT monitors, and about 99% of all monitors today use them. There are no “LED monitors”. There is “microLED”, but it is still under development. (It will most likely obsolete all existing display technologies.)
  • LCD is an old technology, not really used in today’s displays. TFT is similar to LCD, so some people call TFT monitors LCD monitors - also wrong.
  • CRT was abandoned quite a while ago (bulky, lot of flicker), and so was plasma (burn-in, power hungry). They weren’t as bad as people sometimes think, but… they are things of the past now.

So if you care about your eyes, I’d recommend that you picked one of the following technologies:

  • (AM)OLED is the best. Due to its high contrast level and per-pixel light emitting diodes, it is the best for the eyes. High contrast even at low brightness, no flicker, controllable blue emission. Unfortunately, AMOLED monitors are not yet really available (2019).
  • Quality TFT with VA (e.g. AMVA, PVA) panels. With higher (about 3000:1) contrast ratio, using non-PWM LED backlight. => Currently (2019) this would be your best bet without breaking the bank.
  • Quality TFT with IPS panels. Acceptable (about 1000:1) contrast ratio, non-PWM, LED backlight.

Also note that, beside the technology, you should also watch out for:

  • Environment lighting. For example if you sit in the dark at night, and you have a bright display, it will hurt your eyes. Make sure that the brightness of the display matches that of the environment. Decrease screen brightness in dark environments, or even better, use a small light source behind your display(s).
  • Resolution. Make sure that the resolution of the display compared to the size of it is not too high. High resolution monitors (4k, UHD…) are sexy, but small text can also hurt your eyes - especially if you wear glasses.
  • Brightness vs. contrast. Set contrast high, brightness low. (That’s why you need a technology with high contrast ratio…)
  • Field of view. Pick the appropriate display size. It’s usually better to sit farther away from your monitor (which requires a bigger panel of course).

And finally, some more technical details.

  • Vibrations (flicker) and low contrast - especially with high brightness - are not just bad for you eyes, they can also cause a (terrible) headache, especially if you are sensitive to this.
  • IPS - another TFT panel type - can be good, but not as much as VA. It has beautiful colors and high angle of view, but it suffers from backlight bleed and has lower (~1000:1) contrast. Chose an IPS panel f you are not happy with a VA panel for some reason (e.g. color shift, banding, etc.)
  • TN panels (which are the cheapest) got better with time, but they generally still suck - I would definitely recommend avoiding them.
  • To avoid flicker, you should try to find a monitor that do not use PWM backlight control (rapidly switching on and off backlight to control brightness). You will not *see* the screen flickering, but your eyes will be stressed. If PWM is used (you have no choice), then the frequency should be as high as possible.
  • Find a display that is “true 8 bit”, so it does not use RFC dithering (vibrating sub-pixels on the screen to emulate more colors). This you will probably not notice consciously, either, but it can put a strain on your eyes if you are sensitive.
  • Cheap monitors use TN, RFC dithering and PWM dimming, so basically all the bad things. Ceterum censeo: just avoid them.
  • For old CRTs, refresh frequency was the most important thing. Anything below 70Hz was bad. However, if you had high refresh rate, they were surprisingly good (e.g. very high contrast).
  • The first TFT monitors used CCFL backlight (basically a fluorescent lamp) instead of LED, so they were bulkier. They usually used PWM, and had TN panels (bad contrast, color reproduction, and angle of view). IMHO they were worse than a good CRT.
  • Source-Fagyal

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